microtic basic commands

microtic basic commands

MikroTik RouterOS (or MikroTik only) is an operating system based on the Linux kernel. MikroTik RouterOS can be installed on RouterBOARD series hardware, or on x86 standard-based computers, the computer is used as a network router and applies various additional features, such as various types of firewall services, virtual private network (VPN), MikroTik RouterOS Administration can be done using software based on a GUI or console, here are the MikroTik basic commands that are generally run on a CLI (Command Line Interface) based console.

1. ip address add

The "IP Address Add" command is used to add or set an IP Address to an NIC (Network Interface Card), just type the "ip address add" command then follow with the IP Address that will be set for example "address = 10.10.10.1 / 24 ″ then followed by the name NIC for example "interface = ether1".

[admin @ MikroTik]> ip address add address = 10.10.10.1 / 24 interface = ether1

Note: You must know the name of the interface that you want to set the IP Address, the name of the interface can actually be changed with certain commands to make it easier for users to recognize each port of the NIC (Network Interface Card), we will discuss these commands in the next section .

2. ip address print

The "IP Address Print" command is used to view the IP address of each Network Interface Card, how to just type the "ip address print" command on the console then press Enter.

[admin @ MikroTik]> ip address print

Flags: X - disabled, I - invalid, D - dynamic

 # ADDRESS NETWORK BROADCAST INTERFACE

 0 2.2.2.1/24 2.2.2.0 2.2.2.255 ether2

 1 10.5.7.244/24 10.5.7.0 10.5.7.255 ether1

 2 10.10.10.1/24 10.10.10.0 10.10.10.255 ether2

The address column contains the IP Address, if it is not set then the column is empty, the network column contains the IP Address for the network, this parameter can only be configured for addresses with / 32 netmask (point to point links), the broadcast column contains IP Address broadcasting calculated from the IP Address and Network Mask, the interface column contains the specified IP Address interface name.

3. IP DNS set

The "IP DNS Set" command is used to set a specific IP Address as a DNS (Domain Name System) server and create a RouterBoard or computer with MikroTik RouterOS having server computer functions, how to do it simply type the command "ip dns set" then follow with the IP Address will be set for example "servers = 159.148.60.3" then followed by "allow-remote-requests = yes" to allow network requests.

[admin @ MikroTik]> ip dns set servers = 159.148.60.3 allow-remote-requests = yes

4. IP DNS print

You can type the "ip dns print" command to see the details of the DNS server status of the IP Address specified above.

[admin @ MikroTik]> ip dns print

               servers: 159.148.60.3

 allow-remote-requests: yes

            cache-size: 2048KiB

         cache-max-ttl: 1w

            cache-used: 7KiB

Line servers contain a list of DNS IPs that have been assigned to either IPv4 or IPv6 (by default it is 0.0.0.0), for IP DNS that contains more than one (the example above is only one IP Address only), each IP Address is separated by comma, allow-remote-requests line is a setting to allow (yes) or reject (no) requests from the network (by default it is "no").

The cache-size line contains the size of the DNS cache in units of KiB (Kilo Bytes) ranging from 512 KiB to a maximum of 10240 KiB (10MB, Mega Bytes) by default worth 2048 KiB (2MB, Mega Bytes). The cache-max-ttl line contains the maximum time-to-live time of the cache, by default it is worth 1w (1 week or 1 week), after the TTL period has passed the cache will expire. the cache-used line displays the cache size currently used in KiB (Kilo Bytes).

5. ip firewall address-list add

The command "ip firewall address-list add" allows users to list IP addresses that are grouped together with common names. That way the firewall filter, mangle and NAT facility can then use the address list to match the package with the package at the address in the list.

To make a list of IP addresses, just type the command "ip address-list add firewall" then follow with the IP Address that will be added for example "address = 192.0.34.166 / 32" then follow with the name of the list created for example "list = site_blocked ".

[admin @ MikroTik]> firewall ip address-list add list = Situs_diblock address = 192.0.34.166 / 32

6. ip firewall address-list print

If you have created an address list (address list) and added an IP address to the list as in the steps above, you can see a list of IP addresses on that address list (and on another list of addresses if there are any), just type the command " address-list print ”firewall ip on the console then press Enter.

[admin @ MikroTik]> ip address-list print firewall

Flags: X - disabled, D - dynamic

# LIST ADDRESS

0 site_diblok 192.0.34.166

7. system backup save

The "System Backup Save" command is used to backup (back up) the configuration on the router device, meaning that all configurations that have been set by the user will be backed up into a file, how to backup the router configuration via the console is by typing the command "system backup save" followed by the backup file name that you want to save for example "name = backup-1" then press Enter.

[admin @ MikroTik]> system backup save name = backup-1

Configuration backup saved

With the above command, the configuration will be stored on the disk drive in the form of a file called "backup-1" (with the extension ".backup").

8. backup system load

The "System Backup Load" command is used to restore the saved settings, type the "system backup load" command on the console followed by the backup file name you want to restore for example "name = backup-1" then press Enter. To be able to apply the restore configuration, the router will reboot automatically.

[admin @ MikroTik]> system backup loads name = backup-1

Restore and reboot? [y / N]: y

Restoring system

tutorial for installing proxy 5.20 in virtualbox

tutorial for installing proxy 5.20 in virtualbox

prepare virtualbox and os mikrotik 5.20 applications

mikrotik is an operating system and software that can be used to make computers become reliable router networks, including various features made for IP networks and wireless networks, suitable for use by ISPs, hotspot providers and internet cafes.

Mikrotik is designed to be easy to use and very well used for computer network administration purposes such as designing and building a small to complex computer network system.

Lately there have been many internet cafe businesses using proxy as a router, and as a result they are satisfied with what Microtic provides. Moreover, the progress of the wireless world that presents various kinds of services began to glance at this one object. Various features offered on proxy include:


Firewall and NAT
Routing - Static routing
Data Rate Management
Hot spot
Point-to-Point tunneling protocols
Simple tunnels
IPsec
Web proxy
Caching DNS client
DHCP
Universal Client
VRRP
UPnP
NTP
Monitoring / Accounting
SNMP
MNDP
Tools

Microtic function

Setting up an internet connection can be done centrally and makes it easy to manage.
LAN configuration can be done by relying only on Router OS PCs with very low hardware requirements.
Blocking banned sites using a proxy on proxy.
Making PPPoE Server.
Hotspot Billing.

Separating the bandwidth of international and local traffic, and others.

open the virtual box, click new and type proxy klik next

please set the ram according to what you want

select create a virtual hard drive now

select vdi (virtual disk image)

select dynamically allocated

just click next

open settings select storage

select add disk

look for microtic files click open

then click ok

then start

 and wait as shown below type a to select all, then i to install, there is a question select y

wait, after being asked to reboot, don't press Enter first, select Device

Optical Drives remove the checklist on iso microtic Enter

just login, type admin password, don't have to enter, press enter

if successful it will be as shown below

Basic Linux commands

Basic Linux commands

Before Kitah enters the Linux Basic Government I will explain what Linux is and its history

Linux

Jump to navigationJump to search

Linux

Tux.svg

Tux, penguin, Linux mascot

Unix-type family

Current status Active

Monolithic kernel type

GNU General Public License and others

Linux (pronounced ˈlɪnəks or / ˈlɪnʊks / is the name given to an Unix type operating system. Linux is one example of the development of free software and major open sources. Like free software and other open sources in general, Linux source code can be modified , freely used and redistributed by anyone. [2]

The name "Linux" comes from the name of the author, which was introduced in 1991 by Linus Torvalds. The system, system equipment and libraries generally come from the GNU operating system, which was announced in 1983 by Richard Stallman. The GNU contribution is the basis of the emergence of alternative names GNU / Linux. [3]

Linux has long been known for its use on servers, and is supported by well-known computer companies such as Intel, Dell, Hewlett-Packard, IBM, Novell, Oracle Corporation, Red Hat, and Sun Microsystems. Linux is used as an operating system on various types of computer hardware, including desktop computers, supercomputers, [4], and embedded systems such as electronic book readers, video game systems (PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3 and XBox [5]), mobile phones and the router. Observers of information technology think Linux's success is due to Linux being independent of vendors (vendor independence), low operational costs, and high compatibility compared to non-free versions of UNIX, and high security and stability compared to other operating systems such as Microsoft Windows. These features are also evidence of the superiority of open source software development models (opensource software).

The Linux operating system, known as Linux distribution or Linux distributions generally includes supporting software such as web servers, programming languages, databases, desktop displays (desktop environments) such as GNOME, KDE and Xfce also has office application packages (office suite) such as OpenOffice.org, KOffice, Abiword, Gnumeric and LibreOffice.

Table of contents

1 History

2 Logo

2.1 The GNU Project

2.2 MINIX

3 pronunciation

4 Design

4.1 User interface

4.2 Commercial and popular use

5 Development

5.1 Community

5.2 Programming on Linux

6 Usage

6.1 Desk computer

7 Copyright and trademark

8 Linux distributions

9 Linux operating system applications

10 Markets and ease of use

10.1 Installation

10.2 Configuration

10.3 Support

11 Scale of Linux development efforts

12 "GNU / Linux"

13 Actions (Litigation)

14 See also

15 References

16 Additional reading

17 Reference Materials

18 External links

History

Richard Stallman, founder of the GNU project, and Linus Torvalds, Linux kernel maker Richard Stallman, founder of the GNU project, and Linus Torvalds, maker of the Linux kernel

Richard Stallman, founder of the GNU project, and Linus Torvalds, maker of the Linux kernel

The Unix operating system was developed and implemented in the 1960s and was first released in 1970. Factors of availability and high compatibility caused it to be widely used, copied and modified by academic institutions and business people.

Logo

The Linux logo (Tux) starts when Linus Torvalds is walking in the Perth park. While walking, it was Linus Torvalds who was pegged by a penguin and had fever for days. He thinks that the penguin character is suitable to be the logo of the new operating system. Then a competition was held to design the new Linux Logo, and the competition was won by Larry Ewing who managed to describe a penguin who was sitting.

The GNU Project

The GNU Project, which began in 1984, aims to create an operating system that is compatible with Unix and is complete and totally consists of free software. [6] In 1985, Richard Stallman founded the Free Software Foundation and developed the GNU General Public License (GNU General Public License or GNU GPL). Most programs needed by an operating system (such as libraries, compilers, text editors, Unix shells and window systems) were completed in the early 1990s, although low-level elements such as device drivers, jurik and kernel were still not finished at that time . [7] Linus Torvalds once said that if the GNU kernel was available at the time (1991), he would not decide to write his own version. [8]

MINIX

MINIX, a Unix type system intended for academic use was released by Andrew S. Tanenbaum in 1987. The MINIX 1.0 source code is listed in his book Operating Systems: Design and Implementation. Although it can be easily obtained, re-modification and distribution is not allowed at that time. The copyright of the source code belongs to the copyright of dar

below is the basic Linux command

Basic commands on Linux
linux
Here are the basic Linux commands that you must know when studying or trying out the Open Source Linux operating system. Basic Commands Linux works on almost all versions of Linux, of course this will make it easier for you when trying Linux.

mkdir creates a directory
Usage: set [OPTION] DIRECTORY
Example: mkdir lhn
ls a list of directory listings
Usage: ls [OPTION] [FILE]
Example: ls, ls l, lhn
cd change directory
Usage: cd [DIRECTORY]
Example: cd lhn
pwd - prints the name of the current directory
Usage: pwd
vim Vi Improved, a text editor program
Usage: vim [OPTION] [file]
Example: vim lhn.txt
cp copy files and directories
Usage: cp [OPTION] SOURCE DEST
Example: cp sample.txt sample_copy.txt
cp sample_copy.txt target_dir
mv moves (renames) files
Usage: mv [OPTION] SOURCE DEST
Example: mv source.txt target_dir
mv old.txt new.txt
rm delete files or directories
Usage: rm [OPTION] FILE
Example: rm file1.txt, rm rf some_dir
find search
Usage: find [OPTION] [path] [pattern]
Example: find file1.txt, find name file1.txt
history prints recently used commands
Usage: history
Paint brings together files and displays in standard output
Usage: paint [OPTION] [FILE]
Example: cat file1.txt file2.txt
cat n file1.txt
echo displays lines of text
Usage: echo [OPTION] [string]
Example: echo I love India
echo $ HOME
grep displays lines that match the pattern
Usage: grep [OPTION] PATTERN [FILE]
Example: grep i apple sample.txt
wc displays the number of rows, words and bytes of a file
Usage: wc [OPTION] [FILE]
Example: wc file1.txt
wc L file1.txt
sort sorting
Usage: sort [OPTION] [FILE]
Example: sort file1.txt
sort r file1.txt
tar archives files
Usage: tar [OPTION] DEST SOURCE
Example: tar cvf /home/archive.tar / home / original
tar xvf /home/archive.tar
kill off a process
Usage: kill [OPTION] pid
Example: kill 9 2275
ps displays the current process snapshot
Usage: ps [OPTION]
Example: ps, ps el
who knows who is logged in
Usage: who [OPTION]
Example: who, who b, who q
passwd update password
Usage: passwd [OPTION]
Example: passwd
su change USER ID or become a super user
Usage: su [OPTION] [LOGIN]
Example: su remo, su
Chown changes the file owner or group
Usage: chown [OPTION] OWNER [: [GROUP]] FILE
Example: chown remo myfile.txt
chmod changes file permissions
Usage: chmod [OPTION] [MODE] [FILE]
Example: chmod 744 calculate.sh
zip file archive
Usage: zip [OPTION] DEST SOURSE
Example: zip original.zip original
unzip opens the ZIP archived file
Usage: unzip filename
Example: unzip original.zi
ssh SSH client (remote login program)
ssh is a program for logging into a remote machine and executing commands on a remote machine
Usage: ssh [options] [user] @hostname
Example: ssh X guest@10.105.11.20
scp secure copy (remote file copy program)
scp copies files between hosts on a network
Usage: scp [options] [[user] @ host1: file1] [[user] @ host2: file2]
Example: scp file1.txt guest@10.105.11.20: ~ / Desktop /
fdisk partition manipulator
Example: sudo fdisk l
mount a file system mount
Usage: mount t type device dir
Example: mount / dev / sda5 / media / target
umount unmount file systems
Usage: umount [OPTIONS] dir | device
Example: umount / media / target
du sees storage capacity
Usage: du [OPTION] [FILE]
Example: du
df see the amount of storage usage
Usage: df [OPTION] [FILE]
Example: df
quota sees usage and disk limits
Usage: quota [OPTION]
Example: quota v
reboot the system restart
Usage: reboot [OPTION]
Example: reboot
poweroff turns off the system
Usage: poweroff [OPTION]
Example: poweroff
kate KDE Editor
Usage: kate [options] [file (s)]
Example: kate file1.txt file2.txt
vim Vi Improved, a text editor program
Usage: vim [OPTION] [file]
Example: vi hello.c
gedit Text editor for creating and editing files
Usage: gedit [OPTION] [FILE]
Example: gedit
but make the process in front run behind
Usage: type ctrl + z and then bg
fg makes the background process go ahead
Usage: fg [jobid]
jobs displays the ID and process name
Usage: jobs
sed stream editor for sorting and transforming text
Usage: sed [OPTION] [input file]
Example: sed s / love / hate / g loveletter.txt
awk scan patterns and language processing
Example: awk F: {print $ 1} sample_awk.txt
find search in one directory
Usage: find [OPTION] [path] [pattern]
Example: find name file1.txt
locate search
Usage: locate the [OPTION] FILE
Example: locate file1.txt
The final word

That is a variety of basic Linux commands that you must know so that you are not too blind when using Linux. If there are errors or things to say, don't forget to write them in the comments column. Good luck!